Do Catholic Authors Need Literary Agents?

The publishing world is constantly changing. It responds to new technologies (ebooks, print-on-demand), new cultural norms (demands for equal representation, trendy subject matter), and new opportunities for growth (higher literacy rates, more affluent readers, more authors to choose from). The status quo is never static for very long.

The role of literary agents continues to flex and change as well, and most writers are aware that, in some cases, agents are left out of the publishing process altogether. However, when you attend larger writing conferences or read writing advice, it might sound like a foregone conclusion that all authors desire or even require an agent to be traditionally published. What about Catholic authors? Is this true in our little corner of publishing?

What Literary Agents Do

Let’s begin by clarifying the role of a literary agent. Simply stated, a literary agent is an advocate for authors who assists them in securing advantageous publishing deals for their books in exchange for a percentage (usually 15%) of the profits. An author who is “represented” by an agent can expect to receive support in the form of career coaching, developmental editing, a foot in the door at publishing houses they plan to pitch to, help with contract negotiations, and management of financial and legal issues related to publishing.

Literary agents are go-between support, not affiliated with a particular publishing house. They are not paid up-front for their services but rather on commission. (Some agents have side jobs in other areas of publishing, and just recently, the industry rules changed to make it easier for them to make money as freelance editors and the like, but you should never pay for representation.)

Catholic Publishing

In the publishing world, the majority of titles that come out each year are considered “general market.” Publishers in this category have fairly standard expectations and procedures that include the use of literary agents. There are smaller niches within the larger market with slightly different needs and rules.

Religious publishing is a niche that runs the gamut from “Big Four” deals for titles that make it to the shelves at every Barnes & Noble to tiny presses marketing only to clergy. Catholic publishers are on the smaller end of the spectrum and, like many small presses, have a wide variety of acquisition methods that are not always aligned with the standards of the rest of the industry.

Who Needs an Agent?

These days, all but the smallest imprints of Big Four publishing houses require agent representation for their authors. Publishing houses like Simon & Schuster, Little Brown, St. Martin’s Press, and even Tor Books do not allow authors to pitch them directly. They would receive so many manuscripts that they’d never see the bottom of their pile if they didn’t use agents.

Editors at these big houses value literary agents as scouts who send them only quality manuscripts that fit their brand and who will help with communication and managing expectations with their authors so that everything runs smoothly. Catholic authors who write (fiction or non-fiction) for a general audience may very well find that getting a literary agent on your side is a necessary first step.

However, many independent publishers and most religious publishers, including all the Catholic publishers that I’m aware of, accept unsolicited and unagented manuscripts. Their submission load is small enough that they do not need agents to filter the flow, and they publish only a few titles per year so that contract negotiations aren’t a huge burden.

So does that mean anyone publishing with a Catholic publisher should keep their 15% and do away with literary agents?

Not a Need, but Maybe a Want

When I decided to pursue a career in literary representation, it wasn’t because the pay is lucrative (did I mention agents aren’t paid until after the book sells?) or because I’m power-hungry and want to decide who gets published. Agenting appeals to me because I love the process of book creation. I love seeing ideas fly out into the world and seeing readers and authors find the soul-deep connections that books magically facilitate. And, I know books.

All of the literary agents I have met are quintessential “book people.” Like editors and almost everyone else in this business, agents absolutely love coming alongside authors and helping them get polished manuscripts into the perfect reader’s hands. They are also serious about standing up for the rights and benefits of their authors. This service isn’t necessarily needed because publishing houses are exploitative (though there are some bad apples out there) but more so because publishers have their bottom line to consider and may not always offer their best deals to authors without some back-and-forth. Having an agent handle the gritty details spares the editor and author from uncomfortable conversations and helps ensure everyone is happy at the end of the day.

And even if having an agent doesn’t end up meaning a better deal (some smaller houses may not have the resources to compete for a title but might still be the perfect fit), it does mean having a partner. In a vocation that can feel isolating, having someone rooting for you can be priceless.

Copyright 2022 Anjanette Barr